| Antipolo | |||
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| — Component City — | |||
| City of Antipolo · Lungsod ng Antipolo | |||
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| Nickname(s): The Pilgrimage City | |||
| Motto: Tayo na sa Antipolo! (literally, "Let's go to Antipolo") | |||
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Antipolo
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| Coordinates: | |||
| Country | Philippines | ||
| Region | CALABARZON (Region IV-A) | ||
| Province | Rizal | ||
| Districts | 1st and 2nd districts of Antipolo City | ||
| Barangays | 16 | ||
| Founded (settlement) | 1591 | ||
| Established (town) | 1650 | ||
| Cityhood | April 4, 1998 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Danilo O. Leyble | ||
| • Vice Mayor | Susana Garcia Say | ||
| • Sangguniang Panlungsod | |||
| Area | |||
| • Component City | 306.10 km2 (118.2 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 156 m (512 ft) | ||
| Population (2007) | |||
| • Component City | 633,971 | ||
| • Density | 2,071.12/km2 (5,364.2/sq mi) | ||
| • Metro | Manila | ||
| Time zone | PST (UTC+8) | ||
| ZIP code | 1870 | ||
| Area code(s) | 2 | ||
| Website | www.antipolo.gov.ph | ||
Antipolo (officially: "City of Antipolo", Filipino: Lungsod ng Antipolo) is a city in the Philippines located in the province of Rizal; about 25 kilometers east of Manila. It is the largest city in the Calabarzon Region in terms of population. It is also the seventh most populous city in the country with a population of 633,971 in 2007.
It was converted from a municipality into a component city of Rizal Province on April 4, 1998 under Republic Act No. 8508. A new provincial capitol building was inaugurated in the city in March 2009 to replace the old capitol in Pasig which has long been outside the jurisdiction of Rizal Province; after Pasig was included in Metro Manila in 1975. With the transfer of the provincial government to Antipolo, it is highly favored to be officially designated as the new capital of the province.[1] On March 14, 2011, Antipolo was declared a "highly-urbanized city" by President Benigno Aquino; such proclamation however still needs to be ratified in a plebiscite.[2]
The city is popular for being a pilgrimage site. It prides itself as the "Pilgrimage Capital of the Philippines."[3] The Marian image of the Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage or the Virgin of Antipolo, which was brought in from Mexico in 1626, and enshrined in the Antipolo Cathedral has a continuous following among Filipino Catholics since the Spanish era.[4] A popular custom of pilgrims to the Virgin of Antipolo is the trek going to its shrine on the eves of Good Friday and May 1 from various locations in Rizal Province and Metro Manila. Some pilgrims would begin the trek from Quiapo Church in Downtown Manila following the procession of the image.[5] There is also an existing custom to have new cars blessed at the church in the belief that this will ensure the safety of the car and its passengers.[6]
Its higher elevation than that of Metro Manila affords it a scenic view of the metropolis, especially at night. Its locally grown mangoes and cashews are popular among tourists, as well as suman – a local delicacy made out of glutinous rice. The Hinulugan Taktak National Park, which was once a popular summer get-away is being restored to become again one of the city's primary attractions.[7]
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Antipolo is in the northern half of Rizal Province, close to its meridional center. It stretches the entire width of the province.
It is found on the slopes of the Sierra Madre Mountain Range. Much of the city sits on a plateau averaging 150 meters. It has the second largest area in the province with an area of 306.10 km². The northern and southern sections of the city are in the dense forest areas of the Sierra Madre.
Antipolo is landlocked; bounded to the north by San Mateo and Rodriguez; to the northeast by Gen. Nakar in neighboring Quezon Province; to the southeast by Tanay; to the south by Angono, Taytay and Teresa; and to the west by Cainta and Marikina City in Metro Manila.
| Population Census | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | Rate | |
| 1903 | 3,286 |
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| 1918 | 6,076 | 4.2% | |
| 1939 | 6,135 | 0.0% | |
| 1948 | 7,604 | 2.4% | |
| 1960 | 21,598 | 9.1% | |
| 1970 | 26,508 | 2.1% | |
| 1975 | 40,944 | 9.1% | |
| 1980 | 68,912 | 11.0% | |
| 1990 | 205,096 | 11.5% | |
| 1995 | 345,512 | 11.0% | |
| 2000 | 470,866 | 6.87% | |
| 2007 | 633,971 | 4.19% | |
Antipolo's population in 2007 was enumerated at 633,971. It grew at an annual rate of 4.19 percent from the 2000 figure. Annual population growth rate has slowed but relatively remains above the annual the national average of rate of 2.04 percent.[8] The 2007 figure is three times the population of the city in 1990.
Residents of the city are mostly Tagalogs. Indigenous Dumagat communities are found in Barangay Calawis.[9][10]
The city was named after the tipolo (breadfruit) tree (Artocarpus incisa), which was in abundance in the area.
Franciscan missionaries arrived in Antipolo in 1578, and built a church in Boso-Boso. They were soon replaced in 1591 by the Jesuits, who organized the village into a parish. By 1601, the Christian population of Antipolo had grown to about 3,000 as the indigenous Dumagat population dwindled and moved deeper into the interiors.
An uprising Manila's Chinese residents reached Antipolo in 1602 that lead to the razing of the church.
On March 25, 1626, the image now known as the Virgin of Antipolo was brought from Acapulco, New Spain (now Mexico) by Governor-General Juan Niño de Tabora, who relinquished the image to the Jesuits for Antipolo's church.
In 1650, the village was organized into a town and became part of Tondo Province. When the province was divided in 1853, Antipolo became a part of the District of San Mateo de los Montes, which later became the District of Morong.
The Recollects took over Antipolo in 1864. It was during these years that the Virgin of Antipolo gained a following of devotees. Devotees from Manila and nearby towns and provinces flock to Antipolo on foot or on hammocks, trekking along mountain trails and springs.
During the First Republic, the town served as the capital of Morong, until it was occupied by the Americans on 4 June 1899; the Revolutionary Government then transferred Morong's capital to Tanay. Soon after, the Americans established a civil government in 1901, Valentin Sumulong became the first municipal president. On 11 June 1901, Antipolo was incorporated into the newly established Province of Rizal, which included towns of Morong District and Manila Province. In 1903, Antipolo, Boso-Boso and Teresa were merged. The town's territory was expanded again in 1913 to add the sitios of Mayamot and Bulao; just to lose Teresa six years later to become an independent municipality. The Manila Railroad Company inaugurated a railway service to Antipolo on 24 December 1908.
During the Second World War, two guerrilla units operated in the town against the Japanese. They were the Hunters ROTC under Miguel Ver and Terry Adevoso and the Marking Filipino and American Troops, which were established and led by Marcos Villa Agustin, more popularly known under the name Brig. Gen. Agustin Marking. Many inhabitants were tortured and killed by the Japanese, including Mayor Pascual Oliveros and his son Reynaldo, Padre Eusebio Carreon, Padre Ariston Ocampo, Sis. Ma. Elizabeth Cagulanas, RVM, Sis. Ma. Consuelo Recio, RVM; Ambrosio Masangkay, Alfonso Oliveros and Atty. Francisco C. Gedang Sr.
The liberation of Antipolo from the Japanese forces was bloody and devastating. On 17 February 1945, Antipolo was heavily bombarded by American planes. Antipolo residents evacuated to Sitio Colaique and up to the towns of Angono, Santolan, and Marikina. To protect the image from being destroyed, Procopio Angeles, then the sacristan mayor, and members of the community brought with them the Virgin of Antipolo. The bombings on 6-7 March 1945 destroyed the church and after twelve days of battle, the American and Filipino soldiers and aided the local recognized guerrillas liberated the town on 12 March 1945. After the war, a temporary church was built and the Virgin of Antipolo was returned from the Quiapo Church on 15 October 1945.
Started the Allied Invasion of Antipolo on February to August 1945, the stronghold of all combined military forces of the Filipino soldiers of the Philippine Commonwealth Army 4th and 42nd Infantry Division and the American soldiers of the United States Army 43rd Infantry Division and aided the local guerrilla resistance fighters of the Marking's Filipino-American Troops and the Hunters ROTC was liberated and invaded the municipal town of Antipolo and defeats Japanese Imperial armed forces and ended World War II.
Devotees started to flock to the town and on 6 May 1947; the first procession of the Virgin of Antipolo was held starting at the hills of Pinagmisahan. In 1948, a national committee was formed to undertake a nationwide fund-raising campaign to build the Cathedral of Antipolo.
On 15 June 1952, Hinulugang Taktak was proclaimed a National Park by Pres. Elpidio Quirino, and on 14 January 1954, the Bishops of the Philippines proclaimed the Cathedral of Antipolo as the official shrine of the Virgin of Antipolo.
In 1960s, the town proper, or poblacion, was widened and the Sumulong Highway was constructed. In the 1970s, the Marikina-Infanta Road, better known as the Marcos Highway, was constructed, traversing the mountains of Antipolo.
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Antipolo was created on 25 June 1983, with Rev. Protacio G. Gungon, D.D. as the first bishop of the diocese.
On 13 February 1998 (same also with Paranaque City, then Former Pres. Fidel V. Ramos signed Republic Act No. 8508, making the Municipality of Antipolo into a component city of Rizal Province and on 4 April 1998, it was ratified in a plebiscite. Electing Engr. Angelito Gatlabayan as its fist City Mayor.
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Similar to other cities in the Philippines, the government structure of Antipolo is prescribed in the Local Government Code of 1991, and further codified in its city charter. It is headed by a city mayor, who serves as its chief executive and exercises overall supervision of its administrative agencies.
Its second highest official, the city vice mayor, primarily serves as presiding officer of the Sangguniang Panlungsod and assumes the position of city mayor in the event of its vacancy. As presiding officer of the Sangguniang Panlungsod, the vice mayor does not vote except in cases to break a tie.
The city's Sangguniang Panlungsod or city council is composed of 16 elected members, two ex-officio officers and an option to have at most three sectoral representatives. The 16 barangays Antipolo is divided into are grouped into two districts. Each of these districts elect at-large eight city councilors, while the two ex-officio officers are the city's Liga ng mga Barangay president and Sangguniang Kabataan Federation president.
Apart from legislating city ordinances, it also reviews the ordinances enacted by its barangays and makes recommendations for modification if they are found to be inconsistent with existing laws and city ordinances. On the other hand, ordinances and certain resolutions of the Sangguniang Panlungsod are transmitted to the Sangguniang Panlalawigan of Rizal for compliance review.
Elective city officials serve a term of three years and may serve up to three consecutive terms.
Antipolo is politically divided into 16 barangays. Barangays Dela Paz, San Isidro, San Jose and San Roque or parts of it is within the core of the city proper or the poblacion.
| Barangays | District | Population | Area (ha) | Density (/km²) |
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| Bagong Nayon | 1st | 41,715 | 301.34 | 13,843.2 |
| Beverly Hills | 1st | 1,940 | 28.76 | 6,745.5 |
| Calawis | 2nd | 3,978 | 5,581.12 | 71.3 |
| Cupang | 2nd | 76,247 | 568.23 | 13,418.3 |
| Dalig | 2nd | 41,047 | 406.48 | 10,098.2 |
| Dela Paz | 1st | 58,559 | 597.99 | 9,792.6 |
| Inarawan | 2nd | 17,740 | 959.90 | 1,848.1 |
| Mambugan | 1st | 43,563 | 368.21 | 11,831.0 |
| Mayamot | 1st | 46,949 | 540.74 | 8,682.4 |
| Muntingdilaw | 1st | 9,483 | 473.11 | 2,004.4 |
| San Isidro | 1st | 54,842 | 479.70 | 11,432.6 |
| San Jose | 2nd | 86,667 | 13,787.77 | 628.6 |
| San Juan | 2nd | 8,488 | 3,327.69 | 255.1 |
| San Luis | 2nd | 44,371 | 502.99 | 8,821.4 |
| San Roque | 2nd | 50,846 | 723.25 | 7,030.2 |
| Sta. Cruz | 1st | 47,536 | 725.52 | 6,552.0 |
Antipolo's barangays are grouped into two districts. Each district elects a representative each to the Sangguniang Panlalawigan and the House of Representatives.[11]
As of the latest local government income classification of the Department of Finance in 2005, Antipolo is classified as a "First Class City".[12] In 2007, the city registered a total revenue of ₱993.1 million, an increase of 5.6 percent from the previous fiscal year, in 2010 this amount has grown to ₱1.24 billion.[2] Its proximity to Metro Manila has continuously spurred the growth of the real estate industry and by 2007, revenue from real property taxes has ballooned by 32.1 percent from 2006 to ₱146.2 million as there are also about 456 residential subdivisions in the city.[13]
The Department of Education maintains a school division in Antipolo, which supervises the 59 public schools (41 elementary schools, 18 high schools) in addition to 138 accredited private schools.
There are two universities operating satellite campuses in the city, the state-run University of Rizal System,and Our Lady of Fatima University. Moreover, there are known colleges like La Salle College Antipolo, AMA East Rizal Campus, Asian School of Hospitality Arts, and World Citi College.
These are Antipolo's sister cities or municipalities with strong relationship and partnership.
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| Largest cities of Philippines Philippines 2007 Census |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | City name | Region | Pop. | Rank | City name | Region | Pop. | ||
| 1 | Quezon City | Metro Manila | 2,679,450 | 11 | Dasmariñas | CALABARZON | 556,330 | ||
| 2 | Manila | Metro Manila | 1,660,714 | 12 | Cagayan de Oro | Northern Mindanao | 553,966 | ||
| 3 | Caloocan | Metro Manila | 1,378,856 | 13 | Parañaque | Metro Manila | 552,660 | ||
| 4 | Davao City | Davao Region | 1,363,337 | 14 | Las Piñas | Metro Manila | 532,223 | ||
| 5 | Cebu City | Central Visayas | 798,809 | 15 | General Santos | SOCCSKSARGEN | 529,542 | ||
| 6 | Zamboanga City | Zamboanga Peninsula | 774,407 | 16 | Makati | Metro Manila | 510,383 | ||
| 7 | Antipolo | CALABARZON | 633,971 | 17 | Bacolod | Western Visayas | 499,497 | ||
| 8 | Pasig | Metro Manila | 617,301 | 18 | Muntinlupa | Metro Manila | 452,943 | ||
| 9 | Taguig | Metro Manila | 613,343 | 19 | Tagum | Davao Region | 450,526 | ||
| 10 | Valenzuela | Metro Manila | 568,928 | 20 | San Jose del Monte | Central Luzon | 439,090 | ||